This book provides a detailed archaeological and historical study of the early Romanization of Provincia Africa from the fall of Carthage in 146 BC to the end of the Julio-Claudian dynasty in AD 68. Rather than viewing Roman influence through the lens of monumental urbanism starting under Flavian rule, the investigation traces the foundational transformations in provincial administration, rural land distribution, and infrastructure. Through a systematic examination of literary sources, epigraphic records, and architectural remains, the work analyzes centuriation schemes, road networks, and regional settlement patterns across diverse geographical zones, including the Medjerda Valley, the Sahel, the Tell, and the Gefara coast. Special attention is devoted to individual urban centers—from major colonies like Carthage and Leptis Magna to minor inland civitates—identifying early adoptions of Roman civic models, forums, temples, and honorific monuments. Ultimately, the volume illuminates the complex socio-economic integration between native populations and Roman authorities, documenting the initial shift from Punic-Numidian traditions toward a fully Romanized provincial landscape.